ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, focuses on the development and commercialization innovative medicines that address unmet medical needs in central nervous system (CNS) disorders and rare diseases in the United States. The company offers NUPLAZID (pimavanserin) for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis; and DAYBUE, a novel synthetic analog of the amino-terminal tripeptide of insulin-like growth factor 1 for treatment of Rett Syndrome. It also develops Pimavanserin that is in Phase III ADVANCE-2 study to treat the negative symptoms of schizophrenia; ACP-101 whixh is in Phase III for the treatment of hyperphagia in Prader-Willi syndrome; ACP-204 which is in Phase II for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease psychosis; ACP-2591 that is in Phase I for Rett syndrome and Fragile X syndrome; preclinical antisense oligonucleotide programs; and other programs for neuropsychiatric symptoms. It has a license agreement with Neuren Pharmaceuticals Limited to develop and commercialize trofinetide for Rett syndrome and other indications; and a license and collaboration agreement with Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. to discover, develop and commercialize novel RNA-based medicines for the potential treatment of severe and rare genetic neurodevelopmental diseases of the CNS. The company was formerly known as Receptor Technologies, Inc. and changed its name ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc. in 1997. ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc. was incorporated in 1993 and is headquartered in San Diego, California.

Theravance Biopharma, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, discovers, develops, and commercializes respiratory medicines in the United States and Europe. It offers YUPELRI, a once-daily, nebulized long-acting muscarinic antagonist for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The company's product includes Ampreloxetine, an investigational norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that has completed Phase III study for neurogenic orthostatic hypotension; and TRELEGY for the treatment of COPD and asthma. It has licensing and collaboration agreements with Pfizer Inc. for its preclinical skin-selective pan-JAK inhibitor program, as well as Viatris Inc. Theravance Biopharma, Inc. was incorporated in 2013 and is based in South San Francisco, California.

Rapport Therapeutics, Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, focuses on the discovery and development of small molecule medicines for patients suffering from central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Its lead product candidate is receptor associated protein (RAP)-219, an investigational small molecule that is designed to inhibit TARPy8-containing AMPARs with picomolar affinity for the treatment of focal epilepsy and other CNS disorders, including peripheral neuropathic pain and bipolar disorder. The company also develops RAP-199, a TARPy8 targeted molecule with differentiated chemical and pharmacokinetic properties; and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) programs, such as a6 nAChR to treat chronic pain and a9a10 nAChR for the treatment of hearing disorders. Rapport Therapeutics, Inc. was incorporated in 2022 and is headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts.

Neumora Therapeutics, Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, engages in developing therapeutic treatments for brain diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. The company develops navacaprant (NMRA-140), a novel once-daily oral kappa opioid receptor antagonist, which is in phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It also develops NMRA-511 that is in phase 1 clinical trials in patients with agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease; and NMRA-266, which is in the phase 1 clinical trial for the treatment of schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. In addition, its preclinical phase product includes NMRA-NMDA for the treatment of schizophrenia; NMRA-CK1d, a CK1d inhibitor program for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; NMRA-NLRP3 for the treatment of certain neurodegenerative conditions; and NMRA-GCase for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The company was formerly known as RBNC Therapeutics, Inc. and changed its name to Neumora Therapeutics, Inc. in October 2021. Neumora Therapeutics, Inc. was incorporated in 2019 and is headquartered in Watertown, Massachusetts.

MediciNova, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, focuses on developing novel and small molecule therapeutics for the treatment of serious diseases with unmet medical needs in the United States. It is developing MN-166 (ibudilast), an oral anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent for treating neurological and other disorders, such as primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, degenerative cervical myelopathy, glioblastoma, and substance dependence and addiction, as well as prevention of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and long COVID. The company's product pipeline also includes MN-221 (bedoradrine), a selective beta-2-adrenergic receptor agonist for the treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma; MN-001 (tipelukast), an orally bioavailable small molecule compound to treat fibrotic and other diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; and MN-029 (denibulin), a tubulin binding agent for treating solid tumor cancers. It has license agreements with Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd; Angiogene Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.; and Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd. The company was incorporated in 2000 and is headquartered in La Jolla, California.

Vistagen Therapeutics, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the development and commercialization of therapies for psychiatric and neurological disorders. The company's product pipeline comprises PH94B, a fasedienol nasal spray, which is in Phase III development for the treatment of social anxiety disorder; and PH10, a Ituvone nasal spray which is in Phase II development for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It also develops PH80, a hormone-free, odorless, and tasteless synthetic investigational neuroactive pherine nasal spray for the treatment of menopausal hot flashes related vasomotor symptoms and other women's health indications; PH15, an investigational neuroactive to treat improve psychomotor or cognitive impairment caused by mental fatigue; PH284, an early-stage investigational neuroactive steroid for the treatment of investigational neuroactive pherine nasal spray for the treatments of loss of appetite associated with chronic disorders, such as cancer or heart disease, as well as cachexia; and AV-101, an oral prodrug that targets N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in the brain to treat disorders. In addition, the company's clinical-stage pipeline consists of intranasal product candidates from a new class of potential neuroscience therapies comprising pherines. It has a license and collaboration agreement with AffaMed Therapeutics, Inc. to develop, manufacture, and commercialize fasedienol for multiple anxiety-related disorders. Vistagen Therapeutics, Inc. was founded in 1998 and is headquartered in South San Francisco, California.

Reneo Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company, focuses on the development and commercialization of therapies for patients with rare genetic mitochondrial diseases. The company's lead product candidate is REN001, a potent and selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta that is in clinical development for genetic mitochondrial diseases comprising primary mitochondrial myopathies and long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders. Reneo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. was incorporated in 2014 and is headquartered in Irvine, California.

Cerevel Therapeutics Holdings, Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, develops various therapies for neuroscience diseases in the United States. It is developing Emraclidine, a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) that is in phase 1b clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia; and Darigabat, a PAM, which is in Phase 2 proof-of-concept trial in patients with drug-resistant focal onset seizures or focal epilepsy, as well as in phase 1 trial to treat panic symptoms model. The company's products also comprise Tavapadon, a selective dopamine D1/D5 partial agonist that is in phase 3 clinical trial for the treatment of early- and late-stage Parkinson's disease; CVL-871, a selective dopamine D1/D5 partial agonist, which is in Phase 2a clinical trial to treat dementia-related apathy; and CVL-354, a selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonist to treat major depressive disorder and substance use disorder. It is also involved in the development of an M4 agonist program for the treatment of psychosis and related indications; and PDE4 inhibitor for the treatment of psychiatric, neuroinflammatory, and other disorders. Cerevel Therapeutics Holdings, Inc. was founded in 2018 and is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts.